6101 Aluminium Flat Bus Bar
Author:Frank Time:2023-05-05
6101 Aluminium busbarAlloys and Tempers
Pure aluminum has a conductivity of about 65 percent of the International Annealed Copper Standard (lACS). Aluminum can be produced 99.99 percent pure; however, this purity is costly to achieve and the mechanical properties are low.
After World War II, a new conductor alloy, 6101, was developed wbich had considerably higher yield strength and better creep resistance than 1350. The alloy contained magnesium and silicon for high mechanical strength without significant reduction in conductivity. The strength of this alloy (6101) is obtained by suitable heat treaunents, occasionally combined with some cold work.
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| Parameters | Aluminium | Copper |
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| Relevant Standards |
IEC 60105 ISO 209-1,2 |
IEC 60028 |
| Grade | 6101 | 100% IACS |
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Physical Properties Chemical Composition Specific Heat gm.cal/℃ Density gm/cm2 Melting Point ℃ |
0.092 2.91 660 |
99% pure 0.220 8.89 1083 |
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Mechanical Properties Ultimate Tensile Strength kgf/mm2 Ultimate Shearing Strength kgf/mm2 Elastic Modulus kgf/mm2 0.2% Tensile-proof Strength kgf/mm2 |
20.5/25 15 6,700 16.5/22 |
22-26 16-19 12000 60-80% of tensile strength |
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Electrical Properties Specific Resistance ʋʊcm Volume Conductivity ʋʊmm2 Conductivity % IACS Co-efficient of expansion mm/m/℃ |
3.133 31.9 57 2.3*10-5 |
1.7241 58 100 1.73*10-5 |
Other aluminum alloys may be used for bus conductors. However, they should be used with care since conductivity and mechanical properties can be greatly affected by small amounts of alloying elements.
Flatwise Bending Radius
| Type of Bar | Alloy and Temper | Thickness in. | Radius min. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1350-H11 | All | 1 * thickness | |
| Extruded | 6101-H11 |
0.250-0.750 0.751-1.000 |
1 * thickness 2 * thickness |
| 6101-T6 |
0.125-0.375 0.376-0.500 |
2 * thickness 21/2 thickness |
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| 6101-T61 |
0.125-0.500 0.501-0.749 0.750-1.000 1.001-1.625 |
1 * thickness 2 * thickness 3 * thickness 4 * thickness |
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| 6101-T63 |
0.125-0.375 0.376-0.500 0.501-1.000 |
1 * thickness 11/2 thickness 21/2 thickness |
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| 6101-T64 |
0.125-0.750 0.751-1.000 |
1 * thickness 2 * thickness |
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| 6101-T65 |
0.125-0.500 0.501-0.749 |
1 * thickness 2 * thickness |
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| Rolled | 1350-H12 | All | 1 * thickness |
| Sawed plate | 1350-H112 | All | 1 * thickness |
Applicable to widths up through 6 inches in the T6,T61,T63 and T65 temper and to widths up through 12 inches for all other listed tempers. Bend radius for greater widths are subject to inquiry.
Physical and Electrical Properties of Aluminum Wrought Bus Conductor Alloys
(ASTM B 236,B 317,and The Aluminum Association)
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Applying to all alloys and tempers of wrought alloys, typical values. Weight, lb/cu in. (rounded) 0.098 Specific heat, cal/gm/℃ or BTU/LB/F 0.214 at 70℃ for 1350 and 0.220 for 6101(e). Coefficient of thermat expansion (linear)/℃ 0.000023. Specific gravity - 2.70. |
Modulus of Elasticity, Typical, psi 10 * 106, up to 2% higher in compression. Note : if two values are shown, the more favorable is “typical”; the less favorable is designated “minimum” provided a higher value is favorable. Otherwise the term “guaranteed” is sometimes used. |
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| Properties | Alloy and Temper | ||||||||
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1350 Any Temper |
6101 -T6 |
6101 -T61 |
6101 -T63 |
6101 -T64 |
6101 -T65 |
6101-T6 Typical |
6063 -T6 typical |
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Thermal conductivity at 20℃,watts/sq. In /in /℃ |
5.9-6.0 | 5.3-5.4 | 5.5-5.6 | 5.4-5.5 | 5.7-5.8 | 5.7-5.8 | 3.9 | 5.1 | |
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Volume electrical conductivity at 20℃ percent IACS(a). |
61-62 | 55-56 | 57-58 | 56-57 | 59.5-60.5 | 56.5-57.5 | 42.43 | 63(a) | |
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Electrical resistivity (de) at 20℃ (68F) microhms/sq.in./ft(c). |
13.35- 13.14 |
14.81- 14.55 |
14.29- 14.04 |
14.55- 14.29 |
13.69- 13.46 |
14.42- 14.17 |
19.39- 18.94 |
15.37 | |
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Temperature coefficient of electrical resistance at 20℃ /℃(d). |
0.00403- 0.00410 |
0.00363- 0.00370 |
0.00377- 0.00383 |
0.00370- 0.00377 |
0.00393- 0.00400 |
0.00373- 0.00380 |
0.00284- 0.00277 |
0.00350 | |
(a) Typical conductivities of 6101 alloys from Standards of The Aluminum Association. The conductivity of 6063·T6 alloy pipe for outdoor service may be taken as 55.% lACS for current ratings, per NEMA Standard.
(b) To obtain de resistance at 20"'C in microhms multiply table value by length in feet and divide by cross sectional area in sq. in.
(c) Increasing by 0.018 for each 100"C above 70'C (specific heat).
(d) The higher of a pair of coettlclents corresponds to the higher vafue of the pair of conductivity values.
Temperature Coefficients of Resistance (dc) for Bus-conductor Aluminum Alloys
And Representative Value for Commercial Copper Bus Bar
Aluminum Alloys and Tempers, And Conductivity % (IACS) (a)
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6061- T6 Typical |
6063-T6 Typical |
6101-T6 Minimum |
6101-T63 Minimum |
6101-T6 Minimum |
6101-T61 Typical |
6101-T64 Minimum |
1350 Minimum |
1350 Typical |
Representative Value Commercial Copper Busbar |
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% IACS Temp. C. |
40% |
53% (b) |
55% | 56% | 57% | 58% | 59% | 59.5% | 60% | 61% | 62% | 98% |
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0 10 20 25 |
.00279 .00271 .00264 .00261 |
.00377 .00363 .00350 .00344 |
.00392 .00377 .00363 .00357 |
.00400 .00384 .00370 .00363 |
.00407 .00391 .00377 .00370 |
.00415 .00398 .00383 .00376 |
.00423 .00406 .00390 .00382 |
.00427 .00409 .00393 .00386 |
.00431 .00413 .00396 .00388 |
.00438 .00420 .00403 .00395 |
.00446 .00427 .00410 .00401 |
.00417 .00401 .00385 .00378 |
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30 40 50 60 |
.00257 .00251 .00245 .00239 |
.00338 .00327 .00317 .00307 |
.00351 .00339 .00328 .00317 |
.00357 .00344 .00333 .00322 |
.00363 .00350 .00338 .00327 |
.00369 .00356 .00344 .00332 |
.00375 .00362 .00349 .00337 |
.00378 .00364 .00352 .00340 |
.00381 .00367 .00354 .00342 |
.00387 .00373 .00360 .00347 |
.00393 .00379 .00365 .00352 |
.00371 .00358 .00345 .00334 |
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70 80 90 100 |
.00233 .00228 .00223 .00218 |
.00298 .00289 .00281 .00274 |
.00307 .00298 .00290 .00282 |
.00312 .00303 .00294 .00285 |
.00316 .00307 .00298 .00289 |
.00322 .00312 .00302 .00293 |
.00326 .00316 .00306 .00297 |
.00329 .00318 .00308 .00299 |
.00331 .00320 .00310 .00301 |
.00335 .00325 .00314 .00305 |
.00340 .00329 .00318 .00309 |
.00323 .00313 .00303 .00294 |
(a) For alloys not shown. obtain conductivities from Table 13·2, and interpolate from the listed values.
(b) Per note on Table 1;3.2, 55% conductivity is much used as design basis for 6063·T6 alloys for tubes, hence coefficients should be taken from the column, headed 55%.
Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Bus Conductor and Related Alloys
(The Aluminum Association ; ASTM B 236, B 241, and B 429; and Manufacturer’s Listings)
| Product | Alloy and Temper |
Thickness in Ultimates |
Tensile Strength (ksi) At 20 (68。F) |
Typical Ultimate |
Typical Yield |
Typical(a) Elongation (Percent - in 2 in. Or 4 Dia) |
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Minimum Ultimate |
Minimum Yield |
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Extruded rod, bar tube, pipe and shapes |
1350-H111 | All | 8.5 | 3.5 | 35.0 | ||
| 6101-T6 | 0.125-0.500 | 29.0 | 25.0 | 32.0 | 28.0 | 15.0 | |
| 6101-T61 |
0.125-0.749 0.750-1.499 1.500-2.000 |
20.0 18.0 15.0 |
15.0 11.0 8.0 |
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6101-T63 6101-H111 6101-T64 6101-T65 |
0.125-0.500 0.250-2.000 0.125-1.000 0.125-0.749 |
27.0 12.0 15.0 25.0 |
22.0 8.0 8.0 20.0 |
14.0 | 11.0 | ||
| Extruded pipe(c) |
6061-T6 6063-T6 |
Pipe size 1.0 & over Pipe sizes,all |
38.0 30.0 |
35.0 25.0 |
45.0 35.0 |
40.0 31.0 |
10.0 min 8.0 min |
| Rolled bar | 1350-H12 | 0.125-1.000 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 14.0 | 12.0 | |
| Sawed-plate bar or sheet | 1350-H112 |
0.125-0.499 0.500-1.000 1.001-3.000 |
11.0 10.0 9.0 |
6.0 4.0 3.5 |
10.0min 16.0min 22.0min |
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Rolled sheet (for shearing or forming) |
1350 1350-H12 1350-H14 |
0.020-0.249 |
8.0 12.0 14.0 |
12.0 14.0 16.0 |
4.0 12.0 14.0 |
20-30 min 4-9 min 3-6 min |
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1350-H16 1350-H18 |
0.020-0.125 |
16.0 18.0 |
18.0 | 16.0 |
2-4 min 2-4 min |
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| Cast Alloy for Bus |
1350-F 1050 |
1 in. And up | 8.5 | 3.5 | 35.0 | ||
| Cast Alloy for Fittings | A356.0-T61 | 37.0 | 5.0 | ||||
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